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What he is describing are aggulutinative languages. They are not that unique. I feel like a broken record, but I think Arabic qualifies (my specialty). I als
by 616c 12y ago
What he is describing are aggulutinative languages. They are not that unique.
I feel like a broken record, but I think Arabic qualifies (my specialty). I also think of German, Turkish, Russian.
What is interesting, at least with dialectical Arabic and a general trend in languages where synthetic languages (agglutinative languages are a subset of that) move to analytic (like English, where you have clusters of words bonding to have a meaning, instead of morphology changes on the word) over time (I was studying with an Arabic dialectologist who worked with US DoS to write their books; perhaps the leading non-native on this stuff). She said if you read, this is not an uncommon trend as hinted earlier.
English is a good example of eventually dropping agglutinative (synthetic to analytic). I am not sure if this is happening to Finnish, but as an Arabic speaker it is very fun to use an agglutinative language with a special pattern system. Imagine basic word meanings are objects, and you can subclass them into a person doing it noun (k-t-b -> k-aa-t-b, writer), or a place where it is done (k-t-b -> m-k-t-b or m-k-t-b-a, office and library respectively) or something that is the passive object form (m-k-t-oo-b, something written down). There are even versions for receivng action passively, and many variants for verb types. You can build verbs on the fly. It is fun to watch US movies, here a weird word, and guess the root into the right pattern.
I have heard Finnish is cool, but not for quite the same reasons (at least it is very general). But keep that agglutination and fight the power!
- htns 12y agoFinnish has various forms of consonant gradation, e.g. kyky (ability) -> kyvystä (from skill), or saapas (boot) -> saappain (by boots). I'm no linguist, but I'm pretty sure that hinders Finnish from turning very analytic. This is in contrast to say, Quechua, which is so regular I'm not sure how they decided which things are inflections and which are their own words.
- Jun8 12y agoThe term agglutinative language has a specific meaning in linguistics: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agglutinative_language http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agglutinative_language. Under this definition, IE languages (Russian, German), Arabic wouldn't be be considered as such. Typical examples are Turkic languages, Hungarian, Finnish, Korean, Japanese, most native American languages. And the language isolate Basque. But you are right in the sense that other languages do exhibit agglutinative aspects, usually in nouns (Bundesausbildungsförderungsgesetz). One giveaway is how words get marked for mood, person, and tense. In agglutinative languages the basic form almost never changes.
- 616c 12y agoYou make a good point, I realized later when I was less tired and I was confusing the general type (synthetic) with agglutinative (specific sub-category). Oh well, thanks for clarifying.