The most basic answer is: most bots inject some code into the running client, getting access to data structures and references. They read out the data from memo

The most basic answer is: most bots inject some code into the running client, getting access to data structures and references. They read out the data from memory. Some do OCR, others use Library APIs to do that, some even hijack the network stack and talk to the servers themselves. A decade ago, botting in a game called Ragnarok Online was huge. You can find a hint of how structured those communities were here: http://www.openkore.com/index.php/OpenKore http://www.openkore.com/index.php/OpenKore