I think defecating in the open is overall a cleaner approach, more sustainable, and the article doesn't go into details, but I'm sure those fields are not piles

I think defecating in the open is overall a cleaner approach, more sustainable, and the article doesn't go into details, but I'm sure those fields are not piles of excrements - I strongly believe people have found ways to do this cleanly over the ages so others don't step over feces, etc.