The problem with that document (for me) is that it does not embed its fonts, and I do not have the fonts it uses (or any compatible ones) on my computer either.

The problem with that document (for me) is that it does not embed its fonts, and I do not have the fonts it uses (or any compatible ones) on my computer either. So, when I view it, the font gets substituted by the default sans-serif font, which has completely different (and wrong) metrics. Presumably, Adobe Reader comes with more (compatible) fonts and is able to make better substitution. In the past, when I have other documents which also don't embed their fonts, but for which I have a compatible substitution font on my computer (that Evince doesn't pick up for whatever reason), I just run it through gs and it embeds the substitution font into the result. I'm not sure this is really a bug in Evince/poppler in this case as much as a malformed document that presumes the viewer has Century Schoolbook font on their computer.