Just a quick followup to this. This particular detection was triggered by a person raising a red flag that something seemed fishy with a particular email from a

Just a quick followup to this. This particular detection was triggered by a person raising a red flag that something seemed fishy with a particular email from a reviewer, which turned out to be from one of the illegitimate accounts we eventually detected. We also believe this particular fraud would have been identified regardless because we had a manual review scheduled for the most-cited articles of some of our journals, which would have unearthed this same thing. In either case, fraud detection like this seems to be a fairly manual process for us at this point. Our short-term solution to ensure this doesn't happen again for this particular journal is to throw more editors at the problem. I'm unaware of what automated systems we currently have in place or plan to have in place, but that's something I'll be following up on. If anyone happens to be working on a startup for automated fraud detection in academia I'm sure we'd love to talk :) As always, feel free to contact me directly, details in my HN profile.