Stephan Guyenet has written extensively on the issues with the insulin hypothesis: http://wholehealthsource.blogspot.com/2012/01/insulin-and-obesity-another-nai

Stephan Guyenet has written extensively on the issues with the insulin hypothesis: http://wholehealthsource.blogspot.com/2012/01/insulin-and-obesity-another-nail-in.html http://wholehealthsource.blogspot.com/2012/01/insulin-and-ob... He has also written about how low carb diets work by reducing the variety and the reward factor of the diet (http://wholehealthsource.blogspot.com/2011/08/carbohydrate-hypothesis-of-obesity.html http://wholehealthsource.blogspot.com/2011/08/carbohydrate-h...) some other counterarguments are: 1. Protein digestion also raises insulin, so why doesn't a high protein diet result in weight gain? 2. There are plenty of cultures around the world whose diet is primarily starch based (eg. Kitavans). Why isn't obesity prevalent in these cultures (http://wholehealthsource.blogspot.com/2008/08/kitavans-wisdom-from-pacific-islands.html http://wholehealthsource.blogspot.com/2008/08/kitavans-wisdo...). 3. More recently, someone lost weight while eating only potatoes for 60 days (http://wholehealthsource.blogspot.com/2012/12/the-potato-diet.html http://wholehealthsource.blogspot.com/2012/12/the-potato-die...). It'd be interesting to see the effects of just eating nuts (high fat, low carb) for 60 days. tldr: it's not insulin that causes us to eat more than we need, it's the high reward factor and low satiety of the diet. A simple diet comprised of foods with low reward factor and high satiety makes it very easy to stay within the caloric budget.