A variety of household/family coping strategies, some anomic, and typically utilised together: 1. doing without 2. extended family help, 3. multiple low-payi

A variety of household/family coping strategies, some anomic, and typically utilised together: 1. doing without 2. extended family help, 3. multiple low-paying jobs among family members, 4. subsistence agriculture, 5. family splitting, including emigration 6. informal economy, 7. corruption ('blat' in Russian). Core public services and government jobs pay poorly. But its also institutionalised in INGO's even though they pay very well comparatively. 8. crime. Numbers 1-4 are classed by the troika as an 'informal welfare acheme.'