We have a lot of other medical research entities in the US (NIH, CDC, a bunch of top universities, private pharma...), and I think the DOD is probably responsib

We have a lot of other medical research entities in the US (NIH, CDC, a bunch of top universities, private pharma...), and I think the DOD is probably responsible for very few of the breakthroughs of the past 100 years. I'm not sure about the record of foreign governments, universities, companies, and other researchers, but I suspect the US is by far the biggest, but not the only. Just in the commercial world there are a lot of really excellent pharma and biotech companies outside the US - GSK, Roche, Bayer, Novartis, ...