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If you want to know what the actual effects of HFT are on individual investors rather than hypotheticals, a study was done in Canada last year on that exact que

• dangerlibrary 13y ago
  1. That paper hasn't been published or peer reviewed. 2. One of the authors used to work for HSBC as a derivatives trader. 3. That study analyzes the impact of a fee-per-order regulatory regime. It is not a study, as you claim, of a world with high frequency traders vs a counter factual world without them.