1Password and KeyPass don't even do "one factor authentication". This is because you are not authenticating to any service as all. Your Master Passwords for the

1Password and KeyPass don't even do "one factor authentication". This is because you are not authenticating to any service as all. Your Master Passwords for these are "encryption" passwords not "authentication passwords". Authentication is about proving your identity to a system that has the power to grant you access to something. They can have you go through multiple steps. But with 1Password and KeyPass, you already have full access to your data (it is on your disk). Your password is used not to prove your identity, but instead it is used to derive a key which can decrypt the data that you already have access to. Services that you need to authenticate against face different sorts of threats than those which are based solely on encryption. An authentication system protecting high value data simultaneously make multi factor authentication possible and necessary. For encryption based systems, MFA literally makes no sense.