Also encephalitis lethargica, the treatment of which even got turned into a movie (and book and play): http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awakenings http://en.wikiped

Also encephalitis lethargica, the treatment of which even got turned into a movie (and book and play): http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awakenings http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awakenings. (Spoiler: The patients, unfortunately, developed a tolerance for the treatment within a few months.)