By Bayesian interpretation, for which they cite this paper (PDF): http://swfsc.noaa.gov/uploadedFiles/Divisions/PRD/Programs/ETP_Cetacean_Assessment/Of_P_Values

By Bayesian interpretation, for which they cite this paper (PDF): http://swfsc.noaa.gov/uploadedFiles/Divisions/PRD/Programs/ETP_Cetacean_Assessment/Of_P_Values_and_Bayes__A_Modest_Proposal.6.pdf http://swfsc.noaa.gov/uploadedFiles/Divisions/PRD/Programs/E... I'm not 100% sure how it works, and I've never seen it applied in biology, but this is medicine.