Well, 1 and 2 are the only cases where they are absolutely required, but I've seen other use cases. For example, the ClojureScript templating library Dommy uses

Well, 1 and 2 are the only cases where they are absolutely required, but I've seen other use cases. For example, the ClojureScript templating library Dommy uses macros to optimize selector code at compile time, which gives some impressive speedups (IIRC Prismatic found it to be twice the speed of jQuery).