A protein is a chain of amino acids. There are 21 different amino acids. The alphabet of proteins is made of 21 different letters. DNA strings are sequence of

A protein is a chain of amino acids. There are 21 different amino acids. The alphabet of proteins is made of 21 different letters. DNA strings are sequence of Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid (DNA). There are only 4 of them named A, T, C, G. The alphabet of DNA is thus made of 4 letters. One needs at least 3 DNA letters to encode one of the 21 amino acids. These 3 DNA letters are called codon. But with 3 DNA letters there exist 4^3 = 64 different codons. This is similar to a Base64 encoding just by the number of letters in the codon alphabet. Since 64 is much more than 21, many different codons encode the same amino acid. This provides a liberty degree which is apparently used to encode something else. As suggested by this research result, the secondary encoding would sort of encode the predicate specifying when and maybe how the DNA sequence encoding a protein should be decoded.