>Has there been any long-term research done on the health effects of particulate pollution? Yes. The 2013 WHO report "Health Effects of Particulate Matter" [1]

>Has there been any long-term research done on the health effects of particulate pollution? Yes. The 2013 WHO report "Health Effects of Particulate Matter" [1] provides a reasonable summary. Primary long term impacts are increased mortality from cardiovascular and respiratory diseases and from lung cancer. Recent findings indicate no real safe level, with increased mortality observed at even very low levels (as seen in "clean" developed cities). [1] http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/189051/Health-effects-of-particulate-matter-final-Eng.pdf http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/189051/H...