The article is a little short on attributions. John Cocke and Fran Allen are responsible for the optimizing Fortran compiler and their technical report at IBM

The article is a little short on attributions. John Cocke and Fran Allen are responsible for the optimizing Fortran compiler and their technical report at IBM detailing and justifying the transformations is still excellent reading. John subsequently invented Risc architecture and supervised the construction of the first machine because his work with the compiler had led him to the conclusion that, for compilers, existing instruction sets were all wrong. It ultimately became the Power PC architecture. John also won the Turing award for his many contributions to computer science which didn't exist as a field until long after he began. Or when I began for that matter. :-) Cooley and Tukey invented the fast Fourier transform although I've read that Gauss had preceded them with little notice. When I was in school it was still called the Cooley-Tukey algorithm and considered a bit of a miracle. FFT rolled off the tongue a bit easier and supplanted the name. At that time the term Digital Signal Processing also remained in the future.