Time and position based taxation could separate maintenance costs from "increased capacity" costs. If you tax peak drive time traffic higher, you could shift p

Time and position based taxation could separate maintenance costs from "increased capacity" costs. If you tax peak drive time traffic higher, you could shift people to other patterns and not require more lanes to be added to urban highways. This can't be accomplished with a gas tax. (I used to never leave work between 4pm and 6:30pm to avoid my congested outer loop, I could have avoided tax on the unending parade of new lanes added over the past decade. If more people had joined me we could have saved quite a bit in construction costs.) Gas consumption and road wear is at least correlated in the right direction, typically, but you could also do a more accurate job of accurately taxing for road wear by combining vehicle type, road type, and mileage.