Can't find a good holistic reference off-hand, but you're looking at focal series reconstruction (or, if you're using specialised equipment, holography) to reco

Can't find a good holistic reference off-hand, but you're looking at focal series reconstruction (or, if you're using specialised equipment, holography) to recover phase information of your wave. That can then be used to reconstruct transfer functions and the like. [This isn't something I do personally so I don't want to go into too much detail in case I explain something incorrectly!]