It's largely a toss-up, as neither was fully Turing-complete. In principle Zuse's Z3 completed in 1941 was fully programmable, but no-one realised it at the tim

It's largely a toss-up, as neither was fully Turing-complete. In principle Zuse's Z3 completed in 1941 was fully programmable, but no-one realised it at the time, and writing arbitrary programs on it involves using a hack which apparently wouldn't have been suitable for real use anyway. (Nonetheless, Zuse had started work on his high-level language http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plankalk%C3%BCl http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plankalk%C3%BCl during the war.) The earlier Bell Labs machines and the ABC weren't fully programmable either. Babbage's Analytical Engine would have been Turing-complete but had never been built. The old Computer Museum documentary Computer Pioneers - Pioneer Computers http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qundvme1Tik&list=PL14396C9538B4C234 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qundvme1Tik&list=PL14396C9538... is pretty good.