I haven't tried it, but probably. Ubuntu is essentially Debian, especially at a low level. Also, the Steam license explicitly allows for third parties to repack

I haven't tried it, but probably. Ubuntu is essentially Debian, especially at a low level. Also, the Steam license explicitly allows for third parties to repackage it to work on other platforms. In the event that their is an actual incompatibility, you can always have two versions of whatever dependency installed on the system.