Exactly. Medical records are a great example. If you get a new doctor, you have to give them written authorization so that they can get your old medical record

Exactly. Medical records are a great example. If you get a new doctor, you have to give them written authorization so that they can get your old medical records. They can't just say "look I'm a MD, give me the datas", partly because that would be a felony! Same sort of regulation, albeit more complicated, applies to NSA.