A third, unstated, option is the most important: domain experience. Work in a field for a few years. Learn its pain points. Learn what drives people crazy.

A third, unstated, option is the most important: domain experience. Work in a field for a few years. Learn its pain points. Learn what drives people crazy. There's tons of broken things to be fixed. You don't have to invent a new industry. You simply have to do something faster, or cheaper, or higher in quality.