The best book for this is "Elements of Computing System" by Noam Nisan and Shimon Schocken. It starts from basic gates and then higher to build more complex pa

The best book for this is "Elements of Computing System" by Noam Nisan and Shimon Schocken. It starts from basic gates and then higher to build more complex parts. The book website provides all the necessary emulators and programming tools that help you to build a emulated computer and then build OS and application softwares on top of it. I have not really gone through the whole book and practiced what it wants to teach us because of my busy academic schedules but hope to complete it someday soon.