That article is just some graphs almost totally unrelated to the argument. It's been bad for more than ten years in math, physics, and CS. It's intended to be b

That article is just some graphs almost totally unrelated to the argument. It's been bad for more than ten years in math, physics, and CS. It's intended to be bad. You do a bachelors and some internships or REs depending on field. Then grad school. Then postdoc or private sector again depending on field. Somewhere in there you start at the bottom with lecturer or so. After years you might get to tenured prof. It's a process that selectively weeds-out those that do not have the right mix of dealing with dept BS, funding, writing, reviewing, and advising. It would be very bad if all the PhDs went on in academia and not even remotely many go into it wanting that.