>>Models seem very easy to do poorly. They seem basically impossible to do well. Yes, insufficient understanding of the phenomena will often produce bad result

>>Models seem very easy to do poorly. They seem basically impossible to do well. Yes, insufficient understanding of the phenomena will often produce bad results. It doesn't matter whether the explanation is a model or hypothesis. Rigorous analysis and verification is required. >>The question, "how would temperature differences between North America and Europe change if the Gulf Stream ceased?" is not of a scientific nature. Thats equivalent to stating that the effect the gulf stream has on temperature differences between North America and Europe is impossible to discover scientifically.