Note that the original MA reform was never designed to lower system-wide costs; the goal was universality, not cost. The ACA was targeted at universality along

Note that the original MA reform was never designed to lower system-wide costs; the goal was universality, not cost. The ACA was targeted at universality along with a bunch of experimental cost control reforms. You can't really point at the original MA reforms and say 'see! this proves the ACA cannot lower system-wide costs'.