There is a theory why many of these companies have/had huge R&D budget. These companies typically have insane profits. When you have that level of profit you ge

There is a theory why many of these companies have/had huge R&D budget. These companies typically have insane profits. When you have that level of profit you get tremendous pressure to give it back to shareholders via raising dividends. Plus there are increased taxes. From company's perspective that's "throwing away" a lot of many. So you need to spend it out and keep your "net" profits low. This is the core dynamics behind lot of large companies with gigantic R&D without focused goals. And it also very well may be the reason why they contribute marginal to company's bottom line and still stay alive year after year. Like Nokia's R&D they are usually first one to go as the company's revenue starts declining.