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As someone with a degree in geography, this is a bit hyperbolic, and a bit of a one-sided, urban, first world, view of cartography that might be nice for advert
by vitovito 14y ago
As someone with a degree in geography, this is a bit hyperbolic, and a bit of a one-sided, urban, first world, view of cartography that might be nice for advertisers in big cities with pervasive 4G or wifi, but will also be ignored everywhere else.
Mapping is traditionally about sensemaking and placemaking. Precision and accuracy are two different things, and both are entirely context dependent. There's a famous book, How to Lie with Maps, all about it. Maps are how we take things from others by drawing a line in a different place, or how we explore boundaries by drawing what we know and wondering what's everywhere else. They are stories on paper that sometimes have legal or royal or personal meaning, but they are always still stories. Geography is a social science, and cartography is as much art as it is evidence.
In Sketching User Experiences, Bill Buxton tells a story about maps, where your Google Glass example breaks down:
Imagine that you were kayaking off the coast of Greenland, and needed a chart to find your way. You might have a paper chart, but you will probably have trouble unfolding it with your mittens on, and in any case, it will probably get soaked in the process and become unreadable. From the urban perspective, an alternative solution might be to go to your PC and use a mapping program on the internet... However, there is a minor problem here, too. You don't have your PC with you in the arctic, much less in your kayak. We all know about internet-enabled cell phones and PDAs--they might provide another alternative. Why not jump on the internet using your cell phone, and get the map that way?
But here is the problem. You probably can't get cellular service where you are in your kayak. And even if you can, your battery is probably dead because it is so cold. Or, your phone won't work because it is wet. Even if your mobile phone does work, and you have service, you probably can't operate it because you can't do so without taking your mittens off, and it is too cold to do so.
Now let's look at a third approach, one that the Inuit have used... This shows two tactile maps of the coastline, carved out of wood. They can be carried inside your mittens, so your hands stay warm. They have infinite battery life, and can be read, even in the six months of the year that it is dark. And, if they are accidentally dropped in the water, they float. What you and I might see as a stick, for the Inuit can be an elegant design solution that is appropriate for their particular environment.
There are entire cultures where your Euro-centric view of mapping does not compute, so much so that researchers at my alma mater would go into jungles and teach third world tribes how the usurping white man views their world so they can make maps that you, the outsider, can understand what they had previously only expressed emotionally. There are entire continents where your "Mirror World" cannot accurately represent anything, and I feel that puts your seminal moment much further away than you imagine.
- alexqgb 14y ago"There are entire continents where your "Mirror World" cannot accurately represent anything, and I feel that puts your seminal moment much further away than you imagine." Really? Entire continents? Nothing whatsoever? Not even a coastline? For what it's worth, I am acutely aware of non-western cartographic traditions. One of my own teachers is among the world's foremost experts in Chinese mapping, which (as you know) is astonishingly different from its European counterpart. I have also studied the cartographic traditions of the South Pacific, India, and Arabia, all of which combine different interests with different ways of thinking about them, and have resulted in wildly distinct senses of the world. None of this changes the fact that the model now proliferating with GPS enables smartphones is, at heart, the Western one. And if you really think these things are limited to the rich world, you are simply unaware of what's actually happing all around us. By 2016 there will be more of these things on the planet that people, and not because everyone in the rich world owns half a dozen. Whether or not the perspectives developed elsewhere can find their way into this framework is the thing I find fascinating. Even if they don't, the sheer scale of the economic changes wrought by the presently-unfolding geospatial revolution will secure this moment's place in history for ages to come. That's the thing about studying the world's cartographic traditions; you reach a point when you can recognize a big deal when you see one.
- vitovito 14y ago> Really? Entire continents? Nothing whatsoever? Not even a coastline? As I said, accuracy is context-dependent. Satellites in space can tell you that sacred temple moves every time it is rebuilt, but everyone on the ground will tell you it has been the same temple in the same place for a thousand years. Which is accurate? Which matters? To whom? For what purpose? > Whether or not the perspectives developed elsewhere can find their way into this framework is the thing I find fascinating. To say that GPS and Western conceits about mapping are going to take over the world whether cultures with different concepts of place and time like it or not -- they can adapt or not -- has a lot of manifest destiny behind it, and I find it pretty professionally offensive. I think we lose a lot when you're expected to make a map so the souls of the dead can find their way using ArcGIS.