Why are you building up a straw man? The author didn't even talk about monads. The content had nothing to do with monads. The article was about pure functions

Why are you building up a straw man? The author didn't even talk about monads. The content had nothing to do with monads. The article was about pure functions as opposed to stateful functions, clean syntax that gets out of your way, and higher-order compositions over container types. It was about good habits that can be taken to other languages. > what is the sequence of machine instructions your monad compiles into? What is the relevance? If you're using Haskell, then machine code should be the last thing on your mind. If you're writing code to produce the most efficient machine code, then you should be writing C. The entire point of higher level languages is that they abstract away the gritty, lower level concerns like 'what register should I place this pointer in?'.