It applies to all card networks (ie Visa and Mastercard, and local schemes like Girocard and Cartes Bancaires, though in practice most local schemes had cheaper

It applies to all card networks (ie Visa and Mastercard, and local schemes like Girocard and Cartes Bancaires, though in practice most local schemes had cheaper-than-cap fees anyway), for consumer cards only. About the only significant thing it does _not_ apply to is Amex, but in practice that's only issued in a couple of EU countries these days, and is not widely accepted.