My experience has been that Qualcomm mobile phone chipsets don’t run Android on the modem side, but that standalone (ie laptop / USB / router) ones like this Qu

My experience has been that Qualcomm mobile phone chipsets don’t run Android on the modem side, but that standalone (ie laptop / USB / router) ones like this Quectel part sometimes do, in order to provide the userland components that run on the phone’s Android system / AP in a phone application. The actual basebands run an OS called REX usually.