I believe the scaling comes in later, to turn the 1 and -1 into large numbers that may or may not activate the next layer. The way they do it is packing like t

I believe the scaling comes in later, to turn the 1 and -1 into large numbers that may or may not activate the next layer. The way they do it is packing like the other comment says. Each byte represents 5 trinary values instead of 8 binary, and there is a little bit of waste.