Here is an interesting paper [0] talking about ENSO models of La Nina/El Nino cycles and their correlation with geomagnetic activity during solar cycles. I know

Here is an interesting paper [0] talking about ENSO models of La Nina/El Nino cycles and their correlation with geomagnetic activity during solar cycles. I know that models are leaning towards a super El Nino and that at other times the models didn't pan out. The paper goes into the data and offers an explanation and a path forward for new research to nail it down. The sea surface temperature has been the driver for the determination of cycle timings and it probably is too broad a generalization of the process. [0]https://www.spaceweather.com/images2026/13may26/feart-11-1204191.pdf https://www.spaceweather.com/images2026/13may26/feart-11-120...