6 ms·
Least shocking thing I've read about LLMs recently. They are essentially like that one JPEG meme, where each pass of saving as JPEG slightly degrades the quali
by timacles 5mo ago
Least shocking thing I've read about LLMs recently.
They are essentially like that one JPEG meme, where each pass of saving as JPEG slightly degrades the quality until by the end its unrecognizable.
Except with LLMs, the starting point is intent. Each pass of the LLMs degrades the intent, like in the case of a precise scientific paper, just a little bit of nuance, a little bit of precision is lost with a re-wording here and there.
LLMs are mean reversion machines, the more 'outside of their training' the context/work load they are currently dealing with, the more they will tend to gradually pull that into some homogenous abstract equilibrium
- Twirrim 5mo agoA coworker talks about LLMs as "bullshit" layers. Not exactly dismissing them or being derogatory about them, but emphasising that each time you feed something through an LLM, what comes out the other side may not be what you expect/want. Like that guy at the pub sharing what he'd seen online somewhere, after a few pints. Might be accurate, but carries notable risk it's not. So e.g., don't use an LLM to call an API to gather data and produce a report on it, as that's feeding deterministic data through a "bullshit" layer, meaning you can't trust what comes out the other side. Instead use the LLM to help you write the code that will produce a deterministic output from deterministic data. I've seen co-workers use LLMs to summarise deterministic data coming from APIs and have reports be wildly off the mark as often as they are accurate. Depending on what they're looking at that can have catastrophic risk.
- ben_w 5mo agoSimilar experience. I wouldn't say it even needs to be like some random person in the local pub: this behaviour is what you'd get from any game of telephone, book authors will say how you need to be blunt and direct about points in the book because readers will miss subtlety, anyone who has been quoted in a newspaper will have a story about the paper getting it wrong, etc. However, there's a reason pre-computing bureaucracy came with paper trails and meeting minutes getting written up, why court cases are increasingly cautious about the reliability of eye witnesses. It is ironic, the more AI becomes like us and less it acts like a traditional computer program, the worse it is at many things we want to use it for, but because collectively we're oblivious to our cognitive limitations we race into completely avoidable failures like this.
- mpyne 5mo ago> However, there's a reason pre-computing bureaucracy came with paper trails and meeting minutes getting written up, why court cases are increasingly cautious about the reliability of eye witnesses. This was the comment I was coming in to make: I worked in a pre-computing bureaucracy (the U.S. Navy's) and "staff you delegated work to have consistent trouble following the directions you provide for the delegated work" is just a fact of life. A lot of it is telephone game, a lot of it is is lack of real familiarity with office software, a lot of it is the inherent integration challenge from sending the same document out for coordination to dozens of stakeholders. All those mistakes you made fixes for based on comments in the draft that went out for O-6 review? At least 2 will pop up again at 1-star review because staffers will copy the same text back out from their local copy they had stashed during O-6 review rather than re-reviewing from scratch. Style guidance to meet the Admiral's preferred format? You can provide it but there's not a chance they'll follow it, formatting is for humanities majors so you'll need to catch and fix all that yourself. That's not to say the LLMs are foolproof or magically always correct, but a lot of these style of criticisms apply just as much, if not more, to the current status quo. I don't need LLMs to be perfect, I just need them to be better than the current alternatives.
- giancarlostoro 5mo agoBefore Claude Code my strategy in JetBrains AI was to start a new chat convo per task it yielded better output.
- glaslong 5mo agoI like this framing. At least as "nondeterministic" vs "deterministic" layers for the folks who flinch at "bullshit." Also "broadly capable but lossy" versus "limited capability but reliable." Building structures of dependencies, the interface between each pair seems to collapse to the lesser of the two. So there's a ton of work right now going into TLA+, structured io, etc to force even a bit of reliability back into the LLM/program boundaries. To have any hope of chaining multiple LLM dependencies in a stack without the whole thing toppling chaotically.
- threethirtytwo 5mo agoA human doing the same tasks as what the LLM did in the paper that the human will degrade the document further then the LLM. If the LLM is 25%, a human would degrade it probably 80% if they used the same technique as the LLM did in this paper. I'm talking about a single pass. The fact of the matter is, humans don't edit things the way it was done in the paper and neither do coding agents like claude. Think about it: You do not ingest an entire paper and then regurgitate that paper with a single targeted edit... and neither do coding agents. Also think carefully. A 25% degradation rate is unacceptable in the industry. The AI change that's taking over all of SWE development would not actually exist if there was 25% degradation... that's way too much.
- lelanthran 5mo agoAre we comparing humans to LLMs or human written software to LLMs? The whole point of creating software to do things used to be getting things done more accurately and consistently.
- ACCount37 5mo agoNo. The whole point of creating software is getting things done. "More accurately and consistently" was merely downstream from what capabilities were natural for machine logic and hard algorithms. Now, we're just spoiled for choice. We have hard algorithm software where we want to do things that benefit for accurate, consistent, highly deterministic behavior - and we have soft algorithm AI for when we want to do things that simply aren't amenable to hard logic. Machine translation used to be a horrid mess when we were trying to do it with symbolic systems. Because symbolic systems are "consistent, highly deterministic" but not at all "accurate" on translation tasks. Being able to leverage LLMs for that is a generational leap.
- tommyage 5mo agoAll of software is hard-coded algorithm. If you differ between AI source code and engineer source code say so. "Getting things done" is a business need. Which things get translated to a deterministic language executable by a computer is code. There are entire languages dedicated for lesser engineers/domain experts to formulate business requirements. Anyhow; What's your point? That we received a framework for "soft algorithms" where the output does not need to be correct and deducible? What's even the point of putting it into software. Just forward your input to the reader and let him judge on its own.
- ekidd 5mo agoWhere this result is actually interesting and relevant is when a coding agent splits a large source file into multiple smaller files. Opus + Claude Code will try to recite long sections of source code from memory into each of the new files, instead of using some sort of copy/paste operation like a human would. Moving a file is a bit easier. LLMs may sometimes try to recite the file from memory. But if you tell them to use "git mv" and fix the compiler errors, they mostly will. Ordinary editing on the other hand, generally works fine with any reasonable model and tool setup. Even Qwen3.6 27B is fine at this. And for in-place edits, you can review "git diff" for surprises.
- devmor 5mo agoIf you’re using LLMs for agentic work it is absolutely essential that you have a robust set of tools for them to use and the correct instructions to prompt their use. The LLM will come up with stupid ways to do things, common sense doesn’t exist for AI.
- jvuygbbkuurx 5mo agoIsn't this the whole reason they became viable in the last 6 months? The system prompt and harness is improving. It's less and less essential every day to roll your own.
- embedding-shape 5mo agoI don't think there is a single reason. Models are improving, so are the harnesses, prompts and we who use them a lot also get more proficient and learn where they can be used effectively vs not, so lots of improvements all over the ecosystem, brought together. Latest big change is probably how feasible local models are becoming, like Qwen 3.6 and Gemma 4, they're no longer easily getting stuck in loops and repetition, although on lower quantizations they still pretty much suck for agentic usage.
- deadbabe 5mo ago> we who use them a lot also get more proficient and learn where they can be used effectively vs not I think it’s always been obvious where an LLM could be used effectively and where it cannot, if you understand how they work and don’t see them as magical. The “increase in proficiency” is mostly people coming back to reality and being more intentional about LLM usage. There are no surprise discoveries here. One does not need to use an LLM a lot to get effective with them. A total noob could become effective on day 1 with proper guidance.
- Kim_Bruning 5mo agoThere's a kid's game that illustrates this too: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephone_game https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephone_game
- embedding-shape 5mo agoMaybe more relatable to the typical HN reader: You know when the top boss tells the lower bosses stuff, who then tells the lower bosses something and once it reaches you as an IC it's all different and corrupted compared to what it initially was? LLMs have the same effect, unsurprisingly.
- ieieue 5mo agoLLM’s are the most elaborate guessing machine man-kind has made. That’s makes it both useless and useful depending on what it is used for. That’s it. Once you look at everything through this lense everything makes sense - especially the fact there is no underlying understanding of reasoning and creativity. I don’t care what boosters say.
- CamperBob2 5mo agoI don't know what a "booster" is, but if a model can solve original math problems, then it's reasoning. If you can come up with a way to do math without reasoning, that would be, in a sense, even more interesting than AI.
- Terr_ 5mo agoMy dear sir, the entire universe is made of things that "do math without reasoning!" It's the default, and if we're lucky we harness pieces of it to discern something we're interested in.
- ieieue 5mo ago[flagged]
- figarus314 5mo agoA model solving original math problems may look like human reasoning, but internally the model is choosing the next token based on what it has learned about probability around various patterns and structures. The model knows about correlations between problems, proof techniques and answer structures, and when it "reasons" it's selecting a high probability trajectory through that learned knowledge. A calculator is different because it is not probabilistic; it executes a fixed procedure. One of these models, when doing math, is more like a learned probabilistic system that understands enough structure around mathematics that some of its high probability trajectories seem like genuine reasoning. The difference is that when a human reasoner goes to solve a problem, they'll think "this kind of proof usually goes this way" - following an explicit rule enforcement. The model may produce the same output, and may even appear to approach it the same way, but the mechanism is a probabilistic pattern selection rather than explicit rule enforcement.
- Forgeties79 5mo agoI was talking about this in a thread yesterday. It’s why I don’t like blogs that are just LLM generated. I don’t care how good you think it is, I don’t care that you consider a facsimile of you good enough. If I want a rote, boring LLM response, I will prompt it myself. I do not appreciate reading blogs and other assumed to be human-generated content and having somebody attempt to trick me into reading their prompt results like some annoying middleman. I came to your blog to read what you had to say. Why are you writing a blog if you aren’t even going to write it?
- isityettime 5mo agoI've definitely experienced this while coding with LLMs. Often, after a flurry of feature work in which I thought I was being reasonably careful but moving very fast, I take a closer look at some small piece of code and go "holy shit". Then I have to spend a few hours going over everything and carefully reworking parts where things didn't quite go how I'd like, where I was unclear, or where the LLM's brainworms kicked in. Quality is really important to me in its own right, but I also worry about this exact "repeated compression" problem: when my codebase is clean and I have an up-to-date mental model, an LLM can quickly help me churn out some feature work and still leave the codebase in a reasonable state. But as the LLM dirties up the codebase, its past mistakes or misunderstandings compound, and it's likely to flub more and more things. So I have to go back and "restore" things to a correct state before I feel comfortable using the LLM again.
- majormajor 5mo agoYeah, a lot of "it doesn't matter how the code looks" convos seem to be ignoring that we know what happens over time when you just make tactical the-tests-still-pass changes over and over and over again. Slowly some of those tests get corrupted without noticing. And you never had the ENTIRE spec (and all the edge-case but user-relied-on-things) covered anyway. And then new dev gets way harder.
- fiddlerwoaroof 5mo agoMy experience mostly matches this: I think of a piece of development work having three phases: 1. Prototype 2. Initial production implementation 3. Hardening My experience with LLMs is that they solve “writer’s block” problems in the prototyping phase at the expense of making phases 2+3 slower because the system is less in your head. They also have a mixed effect on ongoing maintenance: small tasks are easier but you lose some of the feel of the system.
- isityettime 5mo agoI completely agree with all of these observations. And indeed for me, the biggest productivity boost has nothing to do with my "typing speed" or any such nonsense, it's that it can help with writer's block and other kinds of unhelpful inertia. It kind of reminds me of ADHD medication: it alleviates the "inability to direct attention at one thing" problem, but actually exacerbates the "time blindness" and "hyperfocus" problems. I think probably a lot of complex tools have these characteristics: useful in some ways, liable to backfire in others, and ultimately context-sensitive (and maybe somewhat unpredictable) in their helpfulness. Hopefully as LLMs are more widely experimented with by developers, the conversation can continue to move away from thinking about the effects of LLM use in terms of some uniform/fungible "productivity" and towards understanding where it hurts and where it helps, how to tell when it's time to put it away, what kinds of codebases are really hurt by that kind of detached engagement, and what kinds of projects leverage that sort of rapid prototyping the most effectively. Plausible text generation is an almost magical trick, whether it's generating human language or computer code. But it turns out it's not a silver bullet, no matter how impressive the trick is. It's more interesting than a silver bullet, in fact: it's a system of surprising tradeoffs, even for different phases of the same overall task.
- mrcartmeneses 5mo agoFurther, could we think of intent as some ordered state, and over time the LLM introduces entropy, eventually resulting in something akin to free-association?
- deleted 5mo ago[deleted]
- chermi 5mo agoMy half-baked solution is requiring colocation of the "why" for every decision and doc the llm writes, ideally my exact words. And similarly, every so often the llm why it's doing something reveals a mismatch between your intent and its PoV.
- TedDoesntTalk 5mo ago> the more they will tend to gradually pull that into some homogenous abstract equilibrium I experienced this with resume editing. The LLM removes everything that differentiates my resume from a pile of junior engineers with “average” experience. Anything that was special or unique or different was eventually replaced with generic stuff Of course I didn’t use what it produced, but it was maddening because the LLM kept insisting this was better than what I had. I found LLMs to be much more useful in suggesting edits to very small chunks of my resume (a sentence or three) rather than the overall vision of the document.