Lets look at price of thermal coal in China https://www.sunsirs.com/uk/prodetail-369.html https://www.sunsirs.com/uk/prodetail-369.html 830 RMB/ton for a coal

Lets look at price of thermal coal in China https://www.sunsirs.com/uk/prodetail-369.html https://www.sunsirs.com/uk/prodetail-369.html 830 RMB/ton for a coal with calorific value: 5500 kcal/kg This gives thermal cost of heat 5 USD/GJ . "The Middle East and Africa achieved the lowest levelised cost of electricity (LCOE) among regions in 2025, with an LCOE of US$37/MWh, while the LCOE of utility-scale solar PV in China reached US$27/MWh." https://www.pv-tech.org/solar-pv-retains-most-competitive-lcoe-globally-in-2025-wood-mackenzie/ https://www.pv-tech.org/solar-pv-retains-most-competitive-lc... Solar US$27/MWh can be converted to 7,5 USD/GJ. How much changes the cost when you have industrial application which needs energy 24/7 ?