Honestly, I found these two attempts at universal theory more interesting: https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.12269 https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.12269 https://www.mdpi.

Honestly, I found these two attempts at universal theory more interesting: https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.12269 https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.12269 https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/28/3/332 https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/28/3/332 I am also interested in connection with fuzzy logic - it seems that NNs can reason in a fuzzy way, but what they are doing, formally? For years, people have been trying to formalize fuzzy reasoning but it looks like we don't care anymore. I feel like NNs (and transformers) are the OOP (object-oriented programming) of ML. Really popular, works pretty well in practice, but nobody understands the fundamentals; there is a feeling it is a made up new language to express things expressible before, but hard to pinpoint where exactly it helps.