OSI is particularly obnoxious because layers 5 and 6 don't exist separately in practically any system. Application layer protocols handle them in their own bes

OSI is particularly obnoxious because layers 5 and 6 don't exist separately in practically any system. Application layer protocols handle them in their own bespoke ways, so we have a software stack consisting of layers 2,3,4,7 like its the pentatonic scale or something.