I agree, and I think the answer is that what used to be free, and is now infected with all sorts of enshittification, will be paid-for to be useful. I pay for

I agree, and I think the answer is that what used to be free, and is now infected with all sorts of enshittification, will be paid-for to be useful. I pay for email via Fastmail, don't really have a spam problem. I think this addresses your point above, that to have an effective spam filter takes money, and free email doesn't generate money. I pay for search via Kagi, don't see all those crappy Google Ads and actually get useful search. I can see the other services (socials, messaging) moving to a paid model to solve the same issues.