The upstream energy costs of supplying fossil fuels can also be counted. They add about 1/4 or 1/5th of the total in what are called "Well to wheel comparison".

The upstream energy costs of supplying fossil fuels can also be counted. They add about 1/4 or 1/5th of the total in what are called "Well to wheel comparison". The comparison in the article is "tank to wheel' It's not a direct analogue to energy but CO2 emissions per km are roughly 4 times lower for an EV charged on the EU grid in 2025, well to wheel.