For sure we know modern LLMs and AIs are not constrained by anything particularly close to simple linear combinations, by virtue of their depth and non-linear a

For sure we know modern LLMs and AIs are not constrained by anything particularly close to simple linear combinations, by virtue of their depth and non-linear activation functions. But yes, it is not yet clear to what degree there can be (non-linear) extrapolation in the learned semantic spaces here.