5 ms·

Diesel pollution particles impair lysosomal functions of iPSC-derived microglia

37 points by PaulHoule 11mo ago

e-dant 11mo ago
[flagged]
- i80and 11mo ago
  Very few people want to walk 5 miles for groceries. I'm lucky enough to be able to walk to my grocery store, and even being healthy and able, 1 mile each way is the most I want to do. Bicycling would make 5 miles a cinch, however.
  - calmbonsai 11mo ago
    Not related, cargo bikes absolutely rule if you have a decent climate and suitably safe biking infrastructure.
    - oblio 11mo ago
      Even the "decent climate" range is actually huge, <especially with ebikes>. Basically I can think of only a one climate where life on bikes is really hard: very hot and humid. Hot and dry is manageable since when cycling you naturally create cooling currents around you; you need to wear appropriate clothing (sunglasses + cap or helmet with shaded visor; appropriate long sleeved shirt, appropriate pants and shoes). https://youtu.be/2opQQP13lPI?si=LdhJnF8yLKrVNuGM https://youtu.be/2opQQP13lPI?si=LdhJnF8yLKrVNuGM (for long sleeved shirts) Cold climates are super manageable with appropriate clothing, bar mitts and most crucially of all: <well designed bike infrastructure including priority maintenance, just like for car infrastructure>. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uhx-26GfCBU https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uhx-26GfCBU Of course super extreme weather like -30C or +40C at some point makes any active transportation close to impossible, but the vast majority of people don't live in those conditions and the people that do live like that, only do it for max 1-2 months per year. 99.99% of these issues are actually failures of infrastructure design and implementation. For snowy conditions: daily snow plowing, debris removal, salting to prevent ice formation, etc, etc. For hot conditions: planting trees, removing asphalt (for example grassy tram/train lines; parking spots with grass pavers (https://buildwithabs.com/product/grass-pavers/ https://buildwithabs.com/product/grass-pavers/), designing tall buildings to shade urban sidewalks, etc. Also, infrastructure doesn't just need to safe, it needs to be maintained as critical infrastructure, just like for cars, so that the infra is not degraded in practice.
      - calmbonsai 11mo ago
        > Basically I can think of only a one climate where life on bikes is really hard: very hot and humid. Truth. I used to live in D.C. and our office was so enthused about bike-commuting we lobbied the building to install showers and a small locker-room so folks could change. It lasted about a year. It was just too time consuming to maintain "bike clothes & work clothes" and change into/out of them (we're talking suits) every workday. Now I live in Boulder, CO and we've got both better (drier) weather and athleisure sartorial standards--win win!
- dzhiurgis 11mo ago
  Nah just get an EV. Self driving one if you want extra piece of mind.
  - piva00 11mo ago
    An EV is still 2 tons of metal, plastics, batteries, that needed to be mined, refined, transformed, assembled, and delivered. Sounds excessive for getting groceries. The solution, as usual for complex systems, involves more than one factor, almost no one living in an urban environment should need to go 5 miles to find groceries. Even on my suburb of Stockholm I have the option of 3 different groceries less than 1km away (we have villas, terraced houses, etc., so not only small apartments that some Americans are afraid of). Urban design is a core principle to make your life easier, no self-driving EVs, those are a bad patch not solving anything of importance.
    - dzhiurgis 11mo ago
      > Sounds excessive for getting groceries. How do you think the groceries got to your shop in first place tho? By the way, it's 1.766 tons. You can use it for other things too. Taking kids to schools and hobbies, going to beach, city, forests, camping. I say that as someone who took my kids to daycare by bike for 2 years until they've grown out of it. It was great while it lasted and weather permitted, but I'm not going to make it my personality trait. Getting groceries for family with a bike would be somewhat insane for me. Technically possible, practically nightmare. Also much more expensive than driving for 10 mins to a larger shop.
      - piva00 11mo ago
        > How do you think the groceries got to your shop in first place tho? Through economies of scale with a truck delivering tons of goods while consuming more than the single-person car delivering it... I think it was pretty clear from my comment the excessive part is the "individual" aspect. > Getting groceries for family with a bike would be somewhat insane for me. Technically possible, practically nightmare. Also much more expensive than driving for 10 mins to a larger shop. Insane how? There are cargo bikes, you don't need to shop groceries for the month if you can bike there, you can do it every 3-4 days. I pack groceries in a cargo backpack, and they last 3-4 days, with a cargo bike it would be even easier to carry more. It's only insane if you've never done it, or live in a place where frequent trips to a grocer takes 10km. > You can use it for other things too. Taking kids to schools and hobbies, going to beach, city, forests, camping. Use it for other things, not grocery shopping. Saves on excessive trips at least. And a last disclaimer: I'm originally from a country very Americanised where people drive to go to the bakery, people there also think it's insane to do simple things on a bike (like grocery shopping) simply because the culture is car-centric... It's not that hard if the urban design where you live is not abhorrent.
- D13Fd 11mo ago
  5 miles is a long walk. That’s at least 1 hour and 15 minutes for a very fast walker, and probably around 2 hours for a more typical walker. Plus you have to walk back, with groceries. Assuming you are feeding a family and not doing this 2-4 hour round trip every day, that means you’ll need a cart to push or pull. Good luck pushing that loaded cart on a road with any amount of traffic. Most places in the U.S. where the grocery store is 5 miles away will involve either zero sidewalks and dangerous roads (more rural/suburban areas), or many many road crossings with lights that slow you down (denser areas). I’m a big fan of walking. But 5 miles to a grocery store and then back is going to be way too much and too dangerous for most people.
  - e-dant 11mo ago
    It is an accomplishment in a healthy, pro-social environment.
    - calmbonsai 11mo ago
      But it's only a good judgment call if you have the available transit + shopping time, able body, suitable climate, and a single store that has everything you need. If any of those conditions are not satisfied then it's better economic utility to outsource that entire task and get your exercise and socialization by going to the gym. You can even walk to the gym too. You can outsource almost anything except exercise.
    - oblio 11mo ago
      It's still not practical. Humans just walk too slowly. Let's be realistic here and accept the fact that anything that involves more than 1km of walking one way won't happen for 99% of people. That's why we have bikes, for distances from 1km to 10-12km (one way). And only after that should we have cars. Cars should also be reserved for very heavy loads (more than 50kg), groups of people (not single drivers, 2+ people in the car), and various other niche uses.
      - WackyFighter 11mo ago
        > And only after that should we have cars. Cars should also be reserved for very heavy loads (more than 50kg), groups of people (not single drivers, 2+ people in the car), and various other niche uses. There is a (slightly) tongue in cheek video you should watch. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lfBgQjByvXI https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lfBgQjByvXI I don't want to spend 6 hours commuting a daily in the UK. I've done this btw in the UK a decade ago. It was miserable. It just isn't possible to commute in places without a car. Especially once you get outside of a main transit hubs.
- whatevaa 11mo ago
  5 miles for groceries is ridiculous statement, you will not get any support with such stance. It's like 1h 30m walk one way. Day doesn't have infinite time, and people with families will need significant amount of food.
kyleee 11mo ago
Seems intuitive, I have always had a strong negative reaction to inhaling diesel exhaust / particulate matter. Nasty stuff
calmbonsai 11mo ago
I will never forgive VW for cheating on diesel emissions. That corruption went so far throughout the org the entire company should've been criminally indicted and shut down.
- OptionOfT 11mo ago
  And there was a solution available. AdBlue. Mercedes already used it, and so did BMW. But VW didn't want to use it. And because of this scandal VW pulled their diesels, AND both Mercedes and BMW followed suit. Quite sad, because an X5 diesel had really good mileage (if you used it for longer distances).
  - MrDrMcCoy 11mo ago
    My diesel VW had adblue, and still was affected by deiselgate. The ecu fix took my highway mpg from 35-50 to 18-24, and made the APR tunes incompatible.
- general1465 11mo ago
  Compared to what diesel trucks running across the country are exhaling daily, then what VW did is absurdly negligible.
  - Garvi 11mo ago
    > what VW did is absurdly negligible You're both completely right, while you're completely wrong.
  - calmbonsai 11mo ago
    No. They deliberately programed entire generations of diesel engines to give the wrong smog emissions results by knowing the environment and duty-cycle of emissions testing. On both total emissions as well as emissions/ton/mile metric, long-haul commercial fleet diesel trucks are far better than the millions of polluting and poorly maintained small displacement privately owned diesel cars and pick-ups.
w10-1 11mo ago
The finding is that older diesel engines and renewables produce measurable adverse effects in microglial stem cells, but new diesel formulations in new engines do not. The implication is that policy-makers should accelerate the transition to newer diesel and abandon reusable diesel. Since Europe has been gung-ho for diesel for decades, this finding could have significant regulatory and market effects.
OutOfHere 11mo ago
Most people who don't wear a good mask have no idea of the bad smells on the roads. Once you start wearing a mask there for a few months, you then become sensitive to smelling all the bad smells on the roads that you otherwise tune out. I mean the smell is then noticeable if you momentarily take the mask off one day. You then realize the horror of how everyone else has so completely tuned it out to the detriment of their health.
musicale 11mo ago
Not to mention breathing in all the microplastics from tire wear dust...

37 points by PaulHoule 11mo ago

e-dant 11mo ago

[flagged]

i80and 11mo ago
Very few people want to walk 5 miles for groceries. I'm lucky enough to be able to walk to my grocery store, and even being healthy and able, 1 mile each way is the most I want to do. Bicycling would make 5 miles a cinch, however.
- calmbonsai 11mo ago
  Not related, cargo bikes absolutely rule if you have a decent climate and suitably safe biking infrastructure.
  - oblio 11mo ago
    Even the "decent climate" range is actually huge, <especially with ebikes>. Basically I can think of only a one climate where life on bikes is really hard: very hot and humid. Hot and dry is manageable since when cycling you naturally create cooling currents around you; you need to wear appropriate clothing (sunglasses + cap or helmet with shaded visor; appropriate long sleeved shirt, appropriate pants and shoes). https://youtu.be/2opQQP13lPI?si=LdhJnF8yLKrVNuGM https://youtu.be/2opQQP13lPI?si=LdhJnF8yLKrVNuGM (for long sleeved shirts) Cold climates are super manageable with appropriate clothing, bar mitts and most crucially of all: <well designed bike infrastructure including priority maintenance, just like for car infrastructure>. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uhx-26GfCBU https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uhx-26GfCBU Of course super extreme weather like -30C or +40C at some point makes any active transportation close to impossible, but the vast majority of people don't live in those conditions and the people that do live like that, only do it for max 1-2 months per year. 99.99% of these issues are actually failures of infrastructure design and implementation. For snowy conditions: daily snow plowing, debris removal, salting to prevent ice formation, etc, etc. For hot conditions: planting trees, removing asphalt (for example grassy tram/train lines; parking spots with grass pavers (https://buildwithabs.com/product/grass-pavers/ https://buildwithabs.com/product/grass-pavers/), designing tall buildings to shade urban sidewalks, etc. Also, infrastructure doesn't just need to safe, it needs to be maintained as critical infrastructure, just like for cars, so that the infra is not degraded in practice.
    - calmbonsai 11mo ago
      > Basically I can think of only a one climate where life on bikes is really hard: very hot and humid. Truth. I used to live in D.C. and our office was so enthused about bike-commuting we lobbied the building to install showers and a small locker-room so folks could change. It lasted about a year. It was just too time consuming to maintain "bike clothes & work clothes" and change into/out of them (we're talking suits) every workday. Now I live in Boulder, CO and we've got both better (drier) weather and athleisure sartorial standards--win win!
dzhiurgis 11mo ago
Nah just get an EV. Self driving one if you want extra piece of mind.
- piva00 11mo ago
  An EV is still 2 tons of metal, plastics, batteries, that needed to be mined, refined, transformed, assembled, and delivered. Sounds excessive for getting groceries. The solution, as usual for complex systems, involves more than one factor, almost no one living in an urban environment should need to go 5 miles to find groceries. Even on my suburb of Stockholm I have the option of 3 different groceries less than 1km away (we have villas, terraced houses, etc., so not only small apartments that some Americans are afraid of). Urban design is a core principle to make your life easier, no self-driving EVs, those are a bad patch not solving anything of importance.
  - dzhiurgis 11mo ago
    > Sounds excessive for getting groceries. How do you think the groceries got to your shop in first place tho? By the way, it's 1.766 tons. You can use it for other things too. Taking kids to schools and hobbies, going to beach, city, forests, camping. I say that as someone who took my kids to daycare by bike for 2 years until they've grown out of it. It was great while it lasted and weather permitted, but I'm not going to make it my personality trait. Getting groceries for family with a bike would be somewhat insane for me. Technically possible, practically nightmare. Also much more expensive than driving for 10 mins to a larger shop.
    - piva00 11mo ago
      > How do you think the groceries got to your shop in first place tho? Through economies of scale with a truck delivering tons of goods while consuming more than the single-person car delivering it... I think it was pretty clear from my comment the excessive part is the "individual" aspect. > Getting groceries for family with a bike would be somewhat insane for me. Technically possible, practically nightmare. Also much more expensive than driving for 10 mins to a larger shop. Insane how? There are cargo bikes, you don't need to shop groceries for the month if you can bike there, you can do it every 3-4 days. I pack groceries in a cargo backpack, and they last 3-4 days, with a cargo bike it would be even easier to carry more. It's only insane if you've never done it, or live in a place where frequent trips to a grocer takes 10km. > You can use it for other things too. Taking kids to schools and hobbies, going to beach, city, forests, camping. Use it for other things, not grocery shopping. Saves on excessive trips at least. And a last disclaimer: I'm originally from a country very Americanised where people drive to go to the bakery, people there also think it's insane to do simple things on a bike (like grocery shopping) simply because the culture is car-centric... It's not that hard if the urban design where you live is not abhorrent.
D13Fd 11mo ago
5 miles is a long walk. That’s at least 1 hour and 15 minutes for a very fast walker, and probably around 2 hours for a more typical walker. Plus you have to walk back, with groceries. Assuming you are feeding a family and not doing this 2-4 hour round trip every day, that means you’ll need a cart to push or pull. Good luck pushing that loaded cart on a road with any amount of traffic. Most places in the U.S. where the grocery store is 5 miles away will involve either zero sidewalks and dangerous roads (more rural/suburban areas), or many many road crossings with lights that slow you down (denser areas). I’m a big fan of walking. But 5 miles to a grocery store and then back is going to be way too much and too dangerous for most people.
- e-dant 11mo ago
  It is an accomplishment in a healthy, pro-social environment.
  - calmbonsai 11mo ago
    But it's only a good judgment call if you have the available transit + shopping time, able body, suitable climate, and a single store that has everything you need. If any of those conditions are not satisfied then it's better economic utility to outsource that entire task and get your exercise and socialization by going to the gym. You can even walk to the gym too. You can outsource almost anything except exercise.
  - oblio 11mo ago
    It's still not practical. Humans just walk too slowly. Let's be realistic here and accept the fact that anything that involves more than 1km of walking one way won't happen for 99% of people. That's why we have bikes, for distances from 1km to 10-12km (one way). And only after that should we have cars. Cars should also be reserved for very heavy loads (more than 50kg), groups of people (not single drivers, 2+ people in the car), and various other niche uses.
    - WackyFighter 11mo ago
      > And only after that should we have cars. Cars should also be reserved for very heavy loads (more than 50kg), groups of people (not single drivers, 2+ people in the car), and various other niche uses. There is a (slightly) tongue in cheek video you should watch. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lfBgQjByvXI https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lfBgQjByvXI I don't want to spend 6 hours commuting a daily in the UK. I've done this btw in the UK a decade ago. It was miserable. It just isn't possible to commute in places without a car. Especially once you get outside of a main transit hubs.
whatevaa 11mo ago
5 miles for groceries is ridiculous statement, you will not get any support with such stance. It's like 1h 30m walk one way. Day doesn't have infinite time, and people with families will need significant amount of food.

kyleee 11mo ago

Seems intuitive, I have always had a strong negative reaction to inhaling diesel exhaust / particulate matter. Nasty stuff

calmbonsai 11mo ago

I will never forgive VW for cheating on diesel emissions. That corruption went so far throughout the org the entire company should've been criminally indicted and shut down.

OptionOfT 11mo ago
And there was a solution available. AdBlue. Mercedes already used it, and so did BMW. But VW didn't want to use it. And because of this scandal VW pulled their diesels, AND both Mercedes and BMW followed suit. Quite sad, because an X5 diesel had really good mileage (if you used it for longer distances).
- MrDrMcCoy 11mo ago
  My diesel VW had adblue, and still was affected by deiselgate. The ecu fix took my highway mpg from 35-50 to 18-24, and made the APR tunes incompatible.
general1465 11mo ago
Compared to what diesel trucks running across the country are exhaling daily, then what VW did is absurdly negligible.
- Garvi 11mo ago
  > what VW did is absurdly negligible You're both completely right, while you're completely wrong.
- calmbonsai 11mo ago
  No. They deliberately programed entire generations of diesel engines to give the wrong smog emissions results by knowing the environment and duty-cycle of emissions testing. On both total emissions as well as emissions/ton/mile metric, long-haul commercial fleet diesel trucks are far better than the millions of polluting and poorly maintained small displacement privately owned diesel cars and pick-ups.

w10-1 11mo ago

The finding is that older diesel engines and renewables produce measurable adverse effects in microglial stem cells, but new diesel formulations in new engines do not. The implication is that policy-makers should accelerate the transition to newer diesel and abandon reusable diesel. Since Europe has been gung-ho for diesel for decades, this finding could have significant regulatory and market effects.

OutOfHere 11mo ago

Most people who don't wear a good mask have no idea of the bad smells on the roads. Once you start wearing a mask there for a few months, you then become sensitive to smelling all the bad smells on the roads that you otherwise tune out. I mean the smell is then noticeable if you momentarily take the mask off one day. You then realize the horror of how everyone else has so completely tuned it out to the detriment of their health.

musicale 11mo ago

Not to mention breathing in all the microplastics from tire wear dust...