In the book "How Big Things Get Done" [1], Bent Flyvbjerg, among other things, identifies one common feature of the projects that do not have large outliers to

In the book "How Big Things Get Done" [1], Bent Flyvbjerg, among other things, identifies one common feature of the projects that do not have large outliers to go over-budget and under-deliver: modularity. Ideally, fractal modularity. His favorite examples: solar power, electric transmission, pipelines, roads. Ironically, IT/software is only slightly better than nuclear power and Olympic games [2]. [1] https://www.amazon.com/-/en/dp/B0B63ZG71H https://www.amazon.com/-/en/dp/B0B63ZG71H [2] https://www.scribd.com/document/826859800/How-Big-Things-Get-Done-The-Surprising-Factors-That-Determine-the-Fate-of-Every-Project-from-Home-Renovations-to-Space-Exploration-and-Everything-in https://www.scribd.com/document/826859800/How-Big-Things-Get...