> So the language/library/framework does not create an exception when operating on the null pointer It creates an exception in concept. It might not create an

> So the language/library/framework does not create an exception when operating on the null pointer It creates an exception in concept. It might not create an exception data structure, depending on the particulars of the language/library/framework. Which are you referring to when you say "exception" here? It is a bit unfortunate that we've come to use "exception" to mean different things in different contexts. They are not dependent, though. Just as you can have an error in concept without an error data structure, you can have an exception in concept without an exception data structure.