What's even more impressive is that this technology has been around for decades! > I’m wondering how they will manage to upgrade them - for future algorithms

What's even more impressive is that this technology has been around for decades! > I’m wondering how they will manage to upgrade them - for future algorithms without breaking compatibility. Just like all other smartcard systems: Very, very slowly. Credit and debit payment cards with a smartcard (EMV) chip have similar issues – even small patches take multiple years due to the relatively long average card validity.