For twenty years, Certificate Authorities ran the perfect protection racket. Then SHA-1 got shattered, Apple went rogue, and certificates went from lasting 3 ye

For twenty years, Certificate Authorities ran the perfect protection racket. Then SHA-1 got shattered, Apple went rogue, and certificates went from lasting 3 years to 47 days. This is the story of how browsers broke the CA cartel, and why your manual certificate process is about to become your biggest problem.