Unfortunately, I don't think that's avoidable. This is equivalent to lamenting not being able to use Haskell-style pure FP, nor object inheritance. There are C+

Unfortunately, I don't think that's avoidable. This is equivalent to lamenting not being able to use Haskell-style pure FP, nor object inheritance. There are C++ (and C) design patterns that will just not work in rust, or won't work in an ergonomic way. The solution is to solve the problem in a different way. I will add a #3 to your list: Make an all-around nice language I think playing up rust as the memory-safe language underplays its value.