3 ms·
The key is effect size. We didn't know the exact method of action when we started injecting comatose diabetic children with insulin, but when the coma patient s
by OkayPhysicist 1y ago
The key is effect size. We didn't know the exact method of action when we started injecting comatose diabetic children with insulin, but when the coma patient sits up and starts chatting with you, you can establish that a drug is effective with very small sample sizes.
- yibg 1y agoSure, but even there you need some reasonable sample size. i.e. a sample of 1 won't be sufficient and more importantly it needs to be reproducible. Inject 1 patient and they wake up, but if you inject 10 others and nothing happens and it may not be effective (not that it's definitely not effective). This would require a then a larger sample size.
- thaw13579 1y agoAutism isn't as cut and dry as this. Falling out of planes and diabetic comas are truly black-and-white outcomes, but ASD assessment involves behavioral testing of social and verbal ability, which has high variability between and within individuals. The linked studies about folinic acid are not finding a binary conversion of of ASD kids from non-verbal to verbal, rather they are detecting X% increase in Y behavioral test, which is subtle and something that is found with behavioral treatment. I would love to live in a world where we discover a treatment for ASD that is as clearly successful as insulin for diabetes, but we're not there yet.