The highest sensitivity cameras tend to use cryocooling rather than TECS. But you're correct that a lot of mid to high end astro cameras are Peltier cooled, and

The highest sensitivity cameras tend to use cryocooling rather than TECS. But you're correct that a lot of mid to high end astro cameras are Peltier cooled, and many hobbyist imagers. Satellites are a mix, you have to get rid of the heat, so some missions also use cryocooling and are limited by the amount of cryogen on board. Some instruments also get away with passive cooling, if you can radiate it fast enough. https://science.nasa.gov/mission/webb/cryocooler/ https://science.nasa.gov/mission/webb/cryocooler/