A friend’s company ended up changing their entire business because of this problem. They were providing services as a contractor but kept running into problems

A friend’s company ended up changing their entire business because of this problem. They were providing services as a contractor but kept running into problems with their client’s union workers, who felt like no one should be able to do certain things that seemed very trivial and not specialized (like tightening a bolt or whatever). This work was officially approved but the union workers responded to it in hostile ways - like taking a long time to do their part of the jobs or doing other odd things like making people wait for hours on the floor before anyone showed up. The company gave up and decided to just sell their product without any services - like having the customer do all the work themselves. It was very inefficient because they had to train their customer’s workers and put together huge amounts of documentation and there were a lot of issues making it work. But the company was able to charge for all of that and basically ended up having the same profit margin anyways. In the end the only person paying the cost was the customer, since they had to deal with work getting done more slowly due to the overhead of training people and a lot of (billed) back-and-forth communication.