The maximum COP for a peltier device is 1, in practice it’s far below that. Heat pumps go way beyond a COP of 1; an open-loop cooling system with an evaporativ

The maximum COP for a peltier device is 1, in practice it’s far below that. Heat pumps go way beyond a COP of 1; an open-loop cooling system with an evaporative cooling tower can have a COP of 7. A closed loop heat pump alone can have a COP of 4. Peltier devices are a dead end for moving heat around outside of specialized applications where you can’t drag around two heat exchangers, a valve, and a pump (like active cooling clothing). It’s impossible for them to even approach the efficiency of resistive heating (COP of 1).